If you'd like to let out your home or property then the FAQ below will help answer some of those difficult questions. Once all your questions have been answered simply
contact your nearest agent.
I am thinking about letting my property for the first time. What kind of legal obligations would I have towards the tenants as their landlord?
You have a number of unavoidable obligations:
Under the Landlord and Tenant Act 1985, the landlord must look after the structure and exterior of the property, and the installations for the supply of services (gas, electricity, water, sanitation and heating). You'll find this in the Assured Shorthold Tenancy agreement for England and Wales and in the Short Assured Tenancy agreement for Scotland. The landlord should also look after the roof of the property, drains, gutters and the garden, if there is one.
Under the Gas Safety Regulations a landlord must have the gas equipment at a property inspected every year by a Council for Registered Gas Installers (CORGI)-registered plumber and give the certificate to the tenant. Landlords should check the current regulations with their local health and safety executive, who enforces them.
These regulations require furniture to be fire-resistant, and all electrical equipment and other items in the property to be safe. You can get further information from your local trading standards office.
This is part of all tenancies and it means the tenant should be able to live without interference. The landlord can't enter the property without the tenant's consent (except in an emergency), should keep the property in a proper condition, and should not do anything or allow anyone else to do anything which would affect the tenant's rights, for example, stopping services to 'persuade' the tenant to leave.
A landlord who lets a number of separate flats in a property has a duty to his other tenants because of the covenant of quiet enjoyment. For example, if one tenant is a nuisance, the other tenants will look to the landlord to solve the problem, and if necessary evict the disruptive tenant.
The landlord has an obligation to insure the property and its contents but the tenants are responsible for insuring their own possessions. The landlord should be certain his insurance policy is suitable for rented property - his normal household insurance generally will not be. Check the terms of the policy carefully, as some policies exclude cover for lettings to some types of tenant. The Landlord should give a copy of Insurance policy to tenant. This is so the landlord can hold the tenant responsible if he does anything that voids the insurance or causes the landlord's premiums to increase.
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What can I do to improve the chances of letting a property?
Try these ideas, in this order:
If you can't let your property at the price you want, then try reducing the rent - even as little as £2 per week less can make a difference.
Be less picky
For example, if you've asked for non-smokers, then consider smokers. A local cleaning company may be able get rid of the smell quite easily.
This will be expensive and is no guarantee that the place will attract tenants. Consider this if you are getting calls rejecting the property because it's unfurnished.
This is a drastic step, because most properties in the UK are lettable - it's just the rent you are asking for that might put off possible tenants. However, if you are experiencing trouble letting it, think about getting out! You could sell it and buy something else.
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Do I need to get permission from anyone before letting out my property?
If you have a mortgage or are going to let a leasehold flat, you need to check to see if you need to obtain permission from your mortgage company or your landlord before letting. If consent is not obtained, this could have serious consequences, including the lender or landlord taking possession proceedings against you. Your mortgage company may impose conditions for letting; needless to say, you should be careful to comply with these.
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Do tenancy agreements need to be witnessed?
In England and Wales, strictly speaking, there is no need to have signatures witnessed if the tenancy agreement is for a term of less than three years. However, it may be a good idea to have any guarantor's signature witnessed, particularly if they do not sign in front of you. The witness can be the same person for all three signatures on the agreement.
In Scotland, it's recommended that the tenancy is witnessed, as it then becomes self-proving.
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What tenancy forms do I need when letting out my property in Scotland?
In order to create a proper Short Assured Tenancy, you must complete an AT5 Notice of a Short Assured Tenancy which must be used with a Short Assured Tenancy Agreement. The completed AT5 Notice must be given to the tenant(s) before the agreement is signed and dated. It can be given at any time before the agreement is entered into. However, you must be able to prove that it was given to the tenant before he or she signed the agreement, so it's wise to give notice at least one day in advance.
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Should I get the name of a guarantor to pay the rent in case the tenant defaults?
If you're worried about a prospective tenant's ability to pay the rent, it's wise to take a guarantee from a third party. For example, guarantees are often taken from parents of students when they sign tenancy agreements. However, you should take up references and do credit checks on guarantors, as you would on a tenant; it's no good having a guarantor who is as impecunious as a tenant.
It's unwise to allow the tenant to take the tenancy agreement away to get the guarantor to sign it; it has not been unknown for tenants to forge guarantors' signatures in these circumstances. If the guarantor doesn't sign the agreement in front of you, make sure that the signature is witnessed by someone you can trust, who can vouch for their identity.
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How do I go about increasing the rent on my property?
If you want to increase the rent, unless the tenancy agreement provides a rent review clause, rent can only be increased by agreement or by service of the proper form of notice.
You can always increase the rent by including a rent review clause in a new form of tenancy agreement, to be signed by the tenant at the expiry of the old agreement, or at any later date when you decide to increase the rent. The tenant will not normally be able to challenge the rent increase because he will be deemed to have agreed to it by signing the new tenancy agreement.
It's partly because rent is so frequently increased in this way that landlords are advised to keep fixed terms fairly short. If a tenant refuses to sign a new agreement with a higher rent, the rent can be increased by serving a special form of notice; however, you should note that the tenant will be able to refer the proposed new rent to the Rent Assessment Committee for review, if he or she feels that it's too high. For this reason, many landlords choose not to use this procedure. If a tenant is refusing to co-operate by not agreeing to sign a new tenancy agreement with an increased rent, you always have the option of putting pressure on the tenant by serving a notice requiring possession under section 21.
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I want a problematic tenant to leave my property; what can I do?
It's against the law to evict a tenant by force, or to harass a tenant to make him leave by, for example, cutting off the gas or water. If you try to evict someone without a court order, you could be liable for criminal prosecution and/or a claim for damages by the tenant. If you need to evict a tenant, you should consult a solicitor before taking any action.
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How can I reduce the time between my old tenant leaving and a new tenant moving in?
Here are five hints:
What are the tax implications if I let out furnished accommodation?
If you receive income from furnished lettings, it is taxed under the property income rules.
If you provide laundry, meals, domestic help, etc. for your tenants, then you may be able to claim that you are running a self-employed business - as you usually can if you are providing holiday lettings (see below). The advantage of running your property enterprise as a business means that there are usually more expenses you can claim against tax, and you may be able to use part of any annual surplus to provide yourself with a pension.
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What are the tax implications if I let out my holiday home?
If you let out holiday accommodation, the definition of furnished holiday lettings is as follows:
The income is treated as earned income (a trade) attracting Capital Gains Tax, rollover relief and taper relief.
Tax-saving ideas worth thinking about...
However, don't buy the accommodation with a substantial mortgage because HM Revenue & Customs may regard your motives as not being commercial and don't forget about the VAT consequences if you are VAT-registered.
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What are the tax implications if I rent out a room in my home?
If you let a room in your house and you are an owner-occupier, or a tenant who is sub-letting, the first £4,250 of any income is tax free, i.e. a rent of £81.73 per week is tax free.
If the rent is higher than £4,250, you either elect to pay tax on the surplus above £4,250 (without relief for expenses) or you can treat the arrangement as being a furnished letting and prepare accounts.
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What are my obligations, as a tenant, to my landlord?
What can I do if I consider my rent to be too high?
Assured shorthold tenants have the right to refer rent matters to the Rent Assessment Committee. In England and Wales, however, any referral must be made within the first six months of the tenancy. In Scotland, it can be made at any time during the period of the tenancy.
The Committee can only consider the application if there is a sufficient number of similar dwelling houses in the area, and will only reduce the rent if it considers it to be significantly higher than might reasonably be expected, compared to rent paid under similar tenancies in the locality.
Once a rent has been determined by a Rent Assessment Committee, the landlord cannot serve a notice of increase until more than 12 months have expired since the date of determination.
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If I leave my fixed-term tenancy early, must I still pay the rent?
You can give notice to end your agreement provided you can find a suitable replacement tenant. If you can't find such a replacement, you will be responsible for the rent until the end of the agreed tenancy, even if you have physically left the property. In any case, you cannot end the agreement during the first three months of your tenancy.
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What sort of return can I expect from a buy-to-let investment?
Depending on the property you have bought, good buy-to-let property will give you around 12 per cent of the purchase price each year in income, so if your new property costs £45,000, you would hope to get around £450 per month in rental.
If similar properties in the area are rented out at £350 per month, you know your property will struggle to bring in the rent you need and maybe you should consider investing somewhere else.
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What should I look for when viewing a buy-to-let property?
Is the kitchen big enough to accommodate a small dining table? This is attractive if there is only one reception room and it turns the kitchen into a kitchen-diner.
If the smallest bedroom is smaller than 6' 6" in any direction, then it's not a bedroom! You need to be able to get a bed in a bedroom, so this room can only be considered as a study or a baby's room. You need to think about this when deciding what type of tenant you are looking for. If you're looking for two professional people to share a two-bedroom flat, then the second bedroom must be bigger than 6' 6".
Is there a fitted shower? A bathroom is a lot more desirable if there is a power shower. If there are two bathrooms then the property is very desirable, even if one is only a shower room.
An old heating system can be expensive to replace. If possible, get it checked before you buy the house. It's your legal duty to provide heating and to issue a gas safety record.
Are the electric sockets old? This will tell you that at some point the whole electric system will need rewiring.
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Should I refurbish a buy-to-let property?
If you are new to the property game, it's probably best not to. It's time-consuming, stressful and you lose money while the property is not being let out.
If you are experienced, have the time and can afford to do without the incoming rent, then it could be worth your while. Always remember to double the amount you think you'll spend because unforeseen costs almost always emerge.
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How much money do I need to put down for a buy-to-let property? Can I borrow all the money I need, or do I need my own capital?
Borrowing rules
How much you can borrow depends on the lender, but the maximum ranges from £150,000 to £1m per property, and the most lenders will lend is 85% of the property price. This means you need a deposit of at least 15%. Deals become more competitive if you can put down 20% or 25%.
A lender will also take into account how much money you earn on the property. The formula varies but as a rule the rental income should be between 130% to 150% of the mortgage payment. So if your monthly repayments are £500, the income you should be £650 and £750. Some lenders will lend a multiple of your salary, say three times, plus half the rental income.
Mortgage costs
Buy-to-let mortgages are generally slightly more expensive than ordinary home loans, but rates have come down in recent years as more providers have entered the market. Before Arla launched its scheme in 1996, lenders charged commercial rates on loans taken out to buy property to let. This is no longer the case. All the usual deals apply, such as fixed and discount rates.
Some lenders will also set rules on multiple properties, only accepting people with, say, three or five BTL mortgages. Some may also set an an upper limit on the overall amount you can borrow.
Fees, which are broadly in line with those on conventional mortgages, range from £150 to £500.
Tax breaks
There is no direct tax relief on buy-to-let mortgages, but you can offset interest payments on your mortgage against tax on rental income, along with other expenses such as agents' fees and maintenance costs.
You should also remember that buy-to-let mortgages are not regulated by the Financial Service Authority in the same way traditional home loans are now controlled. This means buy-to-let lenders do not have follow such strict rules on how they sell, promote and advertise their deals.
Useful links
• Association of Residential Letting Agents
If you are interested in a buy to let mortage please Enquire Now
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Lets Glasgow
280 St Vincent Street
Glasgow
G2 5RL
Tel: 0971 4221 0001